dry forages or roughage > 18% fiber hay, straw, seed hulls, fodder, stover succulent forages or roughage > 18% fiber pasture, green chop, cannery residues silages > 18% fiber whole-plant grain crops, wilted or low-moisture grasses or legumes energy feeds 20% protein and < 18% fiber animal by-products (meat scraps) marine by-products (fish meal) … 31 6.12. Baseline estimations from feed ingredients without using feed additives for relevant 32 impact categories 63 33 6.13. Life Cycle Inventory (diets including Feed Additives) 63 34 6.13.1. Overview 63 35 6.13.2. Input flows to feed additive use systems 63 36 6.13.3. Flavouring Agent. • Flavouring agents are feed additives that are supposed to increase palatability and feed intake. • There is need for flavouring agents that will help to keep up feed intake. o When highly unpalatable medicants are being mixed. o During attacks of diseases. o When animals are under stress, and. also of feed additives in a responsible way! There is no doubt that today's worldwide agriculture productivity must be increased. A ban of antibiotics as feed additives in animal nutrition is realized since 1986 in Sweden and since 1999 in Switzerland. Today in the European Union only three antibiotics are still permitted as growth promoters Exploring animal nutrition and the relationships between feed ingredients in livestock diets Content (Key Words): Animal fe ed, livestock diets, animal nutrition, feed mixing, particle size Herbal feed additives as anti-inflammatory: Extracts of curcuma, red pepper, black pepper, cumin, cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon, mint and ginger showed anti-inflammatory effect. The major active molecules with anti-inflammatory action are phenols, terpenoids and flavonoids. These molecules suppress the metabolism of inflammatory prostaglandins. Phytogenic feed additives have a multiplex action mechanism, with a history of it being used in animal feed utilized as a feed substance in animal nutrition. Hence the uses of these in animal nutrition improve the performance and health of the animal (Hippenstiel et al. 2011; Mathe 2009; Windisch et al. 2008). This handbook represents an up-to-date review of the existing knowledge on natural feed additives, both in vitro and in vivo and the basis for future research. The text is useful to students of poultry sciences, nutritionists, scientists, veterinarians, pharmacologists, poultry breeders, and animal husbandry extension workers. Table of Contents. Pirgozliev, V., Rose, S. P., & Ivanova, S. (2019). Feed additives in poultry nutrition, Bulgarian Journal of Agricul-tural Science, 25(Suppl 1), 8-11 describes feed additives as products used in animal nutrition for purposes of improving the quality of feed and the quality of food from animal origin, or to improve the animals' per- Water allowance and water quality 15 Feed safety and quality 17 Feeding level 19 Feed form and particle size 19 Protein 20 Starch and sugars 21 Fat 21 Fibre 22 Calcium, phosphorus and sodium 24 Copper and zinc 25 Vitamins 26 Feed Additives 26 Dietary strategies and options for swine 29 Quality of feed nutrition is influenced not only by the content but also by some other aspects such as, feed presentation, hygiene, anti-nutritional factors, digestibility and palatability. Feed additives provide a mechanism by which such dietary deficiencies can be addressed and also benefits not only associated with the nutrit